16^th International Conference and Exhibition on Obesity & Weight Management November 13-15, 2017 Atlanta,Georgia, USA

Biography:

Antonino De Lorenzo is a Specialist in Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy. He is a Full Professor of Human Nutrition and Director of the School of Specialization in Food Science at the University of Roma "Tor Vergata", where he is also the Director of the PhD Research in Applied Medical-Surgical Sciences and Director of the Unit Service of Clinical Nutrition and Parenteral Therapy Anorexia Nervosa at University Hospital of Rome Tor Vergata. During his long research and studies on body composition, he discovered the Normal Weight Obese Syndrome. He holds positions of scientific responsibility for national and international research projects and is a Member of several scientific societies. He is the author of over 200 articles in international journals with peer revision in PubMed.

Abstract:

Background & Aim: Evidence of probiotics effects on gut function, brain activity and emotional behavior were provided. Probiotics can have dramatic effects on behavior through the microbiome-gut-brain axis, through vagus nerve. We investigated whether chronic probiotic intake could modulate psychological state, eating behavior and body composition of normal weight obese (NWO) and preobese-obese (PreOB/OB) compared to normal weight lean women (NWL).

Methods: 60 women were enrolled. At baseline and after three-week of a probiotic oral suspension (POS) intake, all subjects underwent to evaluation of body composition by anthropometry and dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and psychological profile assessment by self-report questionnaires (i.e., EDI-2, SCL90R and BUT). Statistical analysis was carried out using paired t test or a non-parametric Wilcoxon test to evaluate differences between baseline and after POS, one-way ANOVA to compare all three groups and where applicable, Chi square or t-test were used to assess symptoms.

Results: Of the 48 women that concluded the study, 24% were NWO, 26% were NWL and 50% were PreOB/OB. Significant differences in body composition were highlighted among groups both at baseline and after POS (respectively p<0.05 and p<0.001). After POS, a significant reduction of weight, body mass index (BMI), hip and waist circumference, intracellular water (ICW) (L), total body water percentage (TBW %) and total body fat (TBFat %) (p<0.001) was observed in all subjects. After POS, reduction of TBFat, bacterial overgrowth syndrome (p<0.05) and lower psychopathological scores (p<0.05) were observed in NWO and PreOB/OB. Significant improvement of the orocecal transit time were observed (p<0.001) after POS. Furthermore, significant differences were observed for meteorism (p<0.001) and number of defecation (p<0.001).

Conclusion: Three-week intake of selected psychobiotics modulates body composition, bacterial contamination, psychopathological scores of NWO and PreOB/OB. Further researches are needed on larger population and for longer period of treatment before definitive conclusions.

Biography:

Betsy Thurston is a Registered Dietitian with a Master's degree in Public Health Nutrition and a private nutritional counseling practice in Marietta, Georgia. She has completed her education at Cornell University, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and the Institute for Integrative Nutrition. She has been a Registered Dietitian since 1986.

Abstract:

IFS therapy originated by Richard Schwartz, PhD, provides a framework for patients to learn how to change their eating behaviors by recognizing and working with thought patterns. In the course of nutritional counseling sessions, typical behavior habits that can easily derail health goals are identified and categorized in terms of thought forms called "parts" that have specific helpful functions in the psyche. This model groups the pails into three primary categories that form the points in the triangle: Exiles that hold painful emotions, managers that prevent emotions from surfacing and firefighters that suppress the experience of feeling these painful emotions in the event that they flare up. The goal of this treatment modality is to help the patient identify puzzling and sabotaging behaviors, to recognize that the behaviors always function with the goal of protecting the psyche and to learn how to develop a healing and productive relationship between the patient and the parts. The exile thought forms generally manifests as a feeling of not being enough, either in terms of physical appearance or general feelings of unworthiness or unlovability. Because the psyche needs to avoid connecting with exiles it creates managing parts to take over and distract instead. These protective or managing pails might take any number of forms, including the dieter, the critic, the perfectionist the good girl or even anger or denial. When these protective parts get too invasive in the mind they often create enormous stress, which in turn will activate separate thought forms to combat the stress. This third category, the firefighter, is like an extreme protector to the psyche, acting impulsively and recklessly. When a patient is fully merged with a firefighter part they might eat compulsively or mindlessly. The deep emotional drive to numb stressful emotions will almost always trump the logical goal of restricting calories or of weight loss, as these goals do not mitigate the brain's immediate need to suppress danger. In the triangle, the exiled parts, the protective parts and the firefighting parts all feed into one other, creating a trap which is hard to exit. As neurons that fire together wire together, behaviors tend to lock into habits that are difficult to understand or to break. The goal of IFS therapy in my nutritional counseling sessions is to help patients identify and constructively work with the thoughts/parts that come into play when they are not able to successfully follow meal plans or practical nutrition guidelines. By recognizing that there is space between thought and action, patients can begin to work with their parts for healing and for improved results when given weight loss guidelines.

Biography:

Shougang Wei serves as professor, Ph.D. supervisor and deputy director at the Department of Children’s and Women’s Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Peking, China. Mr. Wei has been engaged in the study of child and adolescent health, mainly focused on the field of childhood obesity about its health risks, pathogenic factors, and preventive and treatment measures.

Abstract:

Obese people and animals have higher rates of iron deficiency (ID) than their normal weight peers. It was still uncertain whether obesity-related ID is a true or functional deficiency of iron. This study was to determine the effects and the possible underlying mechanisms of obesity on duodenal iron absorption and liver iron accumulation. C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into high-fat diet-induced obese (DIO) group and normal control (NC) group to be fed respectively for 16 weeks. Oral iron absorption was tested by measuring serum iron, liver iron and the retained duodenal iron 90 min after intragastric administration of ⁵⁷FeSO₄ solution. The protein expression levels of iron transporters in duodenum and liver were evaluated by Western blotting. Hepcidin mRNA levels in the liver and adipose tissues were quantified by real-time RT-PCR. The results showed that DIO mice had significantly higher iron retention in the duodenum, lower iron concentration in plasma and liver than NC mice. The protein expression levels of ferroportin-1 (Fpn1) in duodenum and transferrin receptor-2 (TfR2) in the liver were markedly decreased in DIO mice. Hepcidin mRNA levels in visceral adipose tissue but not in the liver were higher in DIO mice than NC mice. In conclusion, obesity-related ID may attributed to impaired intestinal iron absorption of which iron being retained in the duodenal enterocytes, not to that iron being accumulated in the liver. Increased expression of visceral adipose hepcidin probably is the immediate cause for the malabsorption of iron in obesity by inducing reduction of the duodenal Fpn1.

Biography:

Amira Hanafy Mahmoud  has completed his PhD 2011 from Ain shams university in Egypt and was upgraded to th position of Associate professor of geriatric medicine in same university,  published about 10 papers in reputed journals.currently working in KSA as a Geriatric consultant.

Abstract:

Background: Obesity increases the risk for variety of diseases which in turn, decreases the overall lifespan in both men and women. Though the cardiovascular risks of obesity are widely acknowledged, less often identified is the relationship between obesity and renal function.

Aim: To study the relationship between abdominal obesity and micro-albuminuria in elderly subjects.

Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted on 200 elderly subjects, aged ≥ 60 years. Subjects were recruited from both Geriatrics and Gerontology department and Internal medicine at Ain Shams University hospital, Cairo, Egypt. All patients had anthropometric measurements done including weight, height, body mass index, waist circumference, hip circumference and waist hip ratio, also assessment of blood pressure and albumin/creatinine ratio in urine.

Results: Mean age of participants was 74.96 ± 5.603 years. Mean waist circumference in whole sample measured 96.78 ± 16.85, mean hip circumference was 106.31 ± 19.24, mean waist hip ratio measured 0.91 ± 0.09 and mean body mass index was 27.83 ± 9.8. All of waist circumference, waist hip ratio, systolic blood pressure, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, ischemic heart disease, renal disease were significantly related to micro-albuminuria. Also, fasting blood sugar, serum triglycerides and renal functions were related to micro-al­buminuria, meanwhile on multivariate analysis abdominal obesity as measured by waist hip ratio was the strongest variable correlated with micro-albuminuria in elderly subjects in the whole sample.

Conclusion: Abdominal obesity is strongly associated with micro-albuminuria in Egyptian elderly.

Biography:

Rohit Kumar has a vast experience in the fields of bariatric, gastrointestinal and general surgery. He is currently working at International Modern Hospital Dubai, UAE. He has undergone training in Laparoscopic Bariatric Surgery at Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Advanced Laparoscopic Training in Greece and has done a Fellowship in Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery in Japan. He has, amongst his patients, a host of dignitaries, leaders and foreign nationals. His areas of clinical interests include laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding, laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy and laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, lap cholecystectomy, laparoscopic appendix, laparoscopic hiatus hernia, laparoscopic splenectomy, laparoscopic nephrectomy, laparoscopic colectomy, laparoscopic low anterior resection, laparoscopic gastrectomy, hepato-biliary and pancreatic surgery, laparoscopic inguinal hernia repaired and laparoscopic esophagectomy. His special interests lie in minimal access bariatric surgery and gastrointestinal surgery.

Abstract:

Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is gaining acceptance among bariatric surgeons as a viable option for treating morbidly obese patients. This study describes results of a single surgeon’s experience with LSG, its intra-operative, early and late complications and their management. The author retrospectively reviewed the data of patients who underwent LSG from 2006 to 2015. Patients underwent LSG as a primary procedure or as revisional bariatric surgery. The short-term morbidity and mortality were examined. All patients entering our practice, requesting bariatric surgery, were offered three procedure options: Laparoscopic gastric bypass, adjustable gastric banding and LSG. After a one-on-one consultation with the surgeon, the patients made an informed decision to undergo LSG and an informed consent was obtained. All patients were required to undergo a psychological screening, routine labs, electrocardiogram, upper gastrointestinal X-rays, pulmonary function studies and a medical evaluation. All patients were scheduled for LSG as a primary definitive procedure. All patients received intravenous antibiotics, subcutaneous unfractionated heparin and sequential compression devices preoperatively. One-stage LSG was performed. The major complications were late leakage after 4 weeks with hemorrhaging. Two patients required reoperation and one patient was treated conservatively. Furthermore, one patient had complete dysphagia and was treated conservatively. Moreover, one patient who had an injury to the lower esophagus was re-operated, intra-operatively. One patient had mesenteric injury; another patient had an NG tube stapled, while a third patient’s GE junction blew up because the balloon was inflated while doing the leak test. In addition, the serosal layer of 10 patients came off while firing the first stapler. However, in spite of the presence of many such complications, only one case was aborted. In conclusion, LSG is a relatively safe surgical option for weight loss as a primary procedure.

Biography:

Genoveva Islas has earned her Bachelors of Science in Health Science with an emphasis in Community Health from California State University, Fresno and received a Masters in Public Health degree in Health Education and promotion from Loma Linda University. She is the Program Director of Cultiva La Salud. Cultiva is dedicated to creating healthier communities in the San Joaquin Valley by fostering policies, systems and environmental improvements to allow for greater access to healthy foods/beverages and increased opportunities for physical activity. She is a recognized Culture of Health Leader by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. 

Abstract:

California’s San Joaquin Valley is the backdrop for Cultiva La Salud; six representative low-income Latino communities are focus sites for intervention including Turlock, Ceres, Southeast Fresno, Orange Cove, Southeast Bakersfield and Arvin. The primary purpose of Cultiva La Salud is to reduce the experience of health disparities among Latinos in the targeted communities through interventions that address poor nutrition and physical inactivity. To prevent chronic disease and promote health equity, Central Valley communities need population-based strategies that create greater access to healthy foods and beverages and promote physical activity. Cultiva La Salud has promoted equity and actualized opportunities to cultivate healthier communities by engaging residents in planning, implementation and evaluation processes, building their capacity to be advocates for change, and encouraging their collective voice and influence for action. To further ensconce equity as an outcome Cultiva La Salud has connected interventions with opportunities for economic development and civic engagement; these two areas help to address the vulnerability experienced in the targeted communities related to poverty and power imbalances. Cultiva La Salud is designed with the belief that equity will be achieved in California’s San Joaquin Valley when every Latino has the opportunity to attain his or her full health potential and they are not disadvantaged from achieving their potential because of social position or circumstance.