Biography
Biography: Matthew Lane
Abstract
In 2010, the prevalence of obesity in the United State was 36% among adults (76.3 million overweight and 89.4 million obese) and 17% among children and adolescents. For past 2 decades, obesity has increased globally reaching epidemic levels. Obesity is directly associated with metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes and other disorders like hypertension, dyslipidemia, coronary heart disease, stroke, osteoarthritis, depression, and sleep apnea. Lifestyle management including healthy diet and increased physical activity is the fundamental approach to treat obesity. Clinical studies have shown that weight loss of 5-10% of initial body weight is sufficient to achieve medical benefits such as a reduction of diabetes incidents and cardiovascular risks. However, achieving and maintaining a weight loss is difficult. >60% of adults fail to sustain a 5% weight loss over the year and actually regain body weight. Therefore, pharmacological approach as adjunctive therapy to lifestyle change has been developed recently. The 2013 Guideline for Management of Obesity (USA) recommended consideration of pharmacological treatment for obese adults with BMI ³30 kg/m2, and for overweight adults with BMI ³27.0 kg/m2 when accompanied by comorbidities such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension, or dyslipidemia.The current anti-obesity drugs reduce food intake by suppressing appetite, decrease absorption of fat, or increase energy expenditure. FDA criteria to approve anti-obesity drugs is a decrease in body weight ³5% after 1 year of treatment compared to placebo control, or if at least 35% of study participants lose ³5% of their baseline body weight. Weight loss medication also should result in significant improvements in blood pressure, lipids, glycemia or other metabolic conditions.