Day 3 :
Biography:
Maria Derylo, DNP, MSN, APN-BC, received her BSN degree from Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Master’s at D’Youville College in Buffalo, NY, Post-master’s Adult Nurse Practitioner Certifi cate from University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, and her Doctor of Nursing Practice from Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland, Ohio. She worked as Nursing Faculty at University of Nebraska Medical Center, and in Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL. Currently, she serves as full time faculty at the Loyola University. She practices as Adult Nurse Practitioner at the family practice comprehensive health services, primary care centers in Chicago, Illinois. She served as a speaker and poster presenter at the numerous national and international conferences. Her research interests are obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, carcinoid and health care system.
Abstract:
Obesity is a global epidemic with far reaching medical and social consequences. Th is presentation will provide participants with the opportunity to explore every facet of obesity care in one place operational, scientifi c, clinical and business. The goal of this presentation is to engage health care providers in learning about the medical wellness, weight loss and expose them to cutting-edge clinical and research approaches for the recognition, treatment and prevention of obesity. The information is focused on improving patient’s total wellness by utilizing clinical research and evidence-based strategies to address the myriad of comorbid conditions related to obesity to help practitioners to treat the whole person, not just obesity. Resources and tools that are needed to develop comprehensive weight management program will be presented. Th e following topics will be addressed: Basic Science and Obesity, Obesity Algorithm, Obesity defi ned as a disease, Obesity as a multifactorial disease, Obesity Management Goals, Obesity Classifi cation, Adiposopathy, Stress and Obesity, Patient Evaluation: history, physical exam, laboratory and diagnostic testing, Treatment, concurrent medications, The impact of the Aff ordable Care Act on obesity treatment, Health risks associated with obesity, Weight-management technologies, Endocrine disorders and obesity, Pharmacologic options for obesity, Addiction related strategies that can be used to improve weight loss outcomes, Comprehensive, evidence-based, personalized care for patients to reverse diabetes, cardiovascular issues, and many other high risk, high cost medical conditions.
Keynote Forum
Emmanuel Mukwevho
North West University, South Africa
Keynote: Calmodulin dependent protein kinase (CaMK)II activation by exercise regulates NRF-1 and its target lipid oxidizing target gene, Cpt-1 in rat skeletal muscle
Time : 11:05-11:45
Biography:
Emmanuel Mukwevho has completed his PhD in 2010 from University of Cape Town, South Africa in Anatomy and Cell Biology. He is an Associate Professor of Biochemistry at North West University, South Africa. He has published both nationally and internationally in reputed journals and his specialty is in Obesity and Diabetes where he led the Diabetes & Obesity Therapeutics Research group at North West University.
Abstract:
Regular exercise increases oxidation of fatty acids in skeletal muscle. Exercise activates Calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMK)II, resulting in increased mitochondrial oxidative capacity. As such, exercise can curb accumulation of excess lipids in adipose and intramuscular tissues that may result in obesity/type 2 diabetes. Lipid metabolism mainly occurs in mitochondria regulated by NRF-1 and is controlled by a set of mitochondrial enzymes. For example, Carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT)-1 is a rate-limiting enzyme in mitochondrial lipid oxidation that regulates the transport of long chain fatty acids across the mitochondrial membrane, resulting in ATP synthesis. On the other hand, acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC)-1 is a mitochondrial enzyme that promotes lipid synthesis by providing malonyl CoA substrate for the biosynthesis of fatty acids. NRF-1 is the major transcriptional factor of the mitochondria, the site for ATP generation from carbohydrates and lipids. As such, mitochondrial dysfunction is crucial in metabolism of the cell. In order to investigate the amount of NRF-1 bound Cpt-1, ChIP assay performed. Exercise showed that the amount of NRF-1 bound Cpt-1 was ~1.3 fold increase compared with the control group. The exercise + KN93 group did not show any signifi cant change compared with the exercise group. This result indicates that exercise-induced CaMKII activation increase the amount of NRF-1 bound Cpt-1. With respective to
gene transcription, exercise group showed ~7.8 fold increase compared with the control group. Cpt-1 gene expression of the exercise + KN93 group showed signifi cant decrease compared with the exercise group. Cpt-1 gene expression of the exercise + KN93 was similar to the control group. Th is result shows that CaMKII activation increase Cpt-1 gene expression in rat skeletal muscle. With respect to mitochondrial integrity, mitochondria size of the exercise group increased by ~3.0 fold compared with the control group, whereas the exercise + KN93 group showed signifi cant decrease compared with the exercise group. Using TEM we show that exercise-induced CaMKII activation increases mitochondria size in rat skeletal muscle and its integrity.
- Weight Loss Nutrition | Obesity-Health Risks | Current research on Obesity
Chair
Edita Stokić
Clinical Center of Vojvodina, Serbia
Co-Chair
Emmanuel Mukwevho
North West University, South Africa
Session Introduction
Gerry Leisman
The National Institute for Brain and Rehabilitation Sciences, Israel
Title: Motor-cognitive interactions in the nervous system: Obesity and sedentary behavior dumbs down cognitive function in childhood
Time : 11:45-12:15
Biography:
Gerry Leisman is the Director and Professor of the National Institute for Brain and Rehabilitation Sciences in Nazareth, Israel and Professor of Restorative Neurology at Universidad de Ciencias Médicas Facultad Manuel Fajardo, Havana, Cuba. He has examined self-organizing systems in the nervous system applied to cognitive functions in memory, kinesiology, optimization, consciousness, and autism. He has applied optimization strategies to movement, gait, and cognition. In the 1970’s, he was one of the fi rst to identify functional disconnectivities in the brain. His work in rehabilitation sciences, has applied the tools of Industrial Engineering to those with developmental disabilities.
Abstract:
Objectives: To demonstrate that motor and cognitive processes are not separate, but likely share similar evolutionary history.
Methods: We review data that motor processes contribute to cognitive function.
Results: Motor and cognitive processes have dynamical bidirectional relationships. Rodent research has revealed that exercise influences the striatum by increasing dopamine signaling and angiogenesis. In children, higher aerobic fi tness levels are associated with greater hippocampal volumes, superior performance on tasks of attentional and interference control, and elevated event-related brain potential indices of executive function.
Conclusions: We endeavor to integrate the Neurosciences, Cognitive Psychology and Biomechanics in providing a fundamental understanding of the relation between intention, decision-making, and movement in the context of functional connectivity, awareness, attention, and action. Evidence, the SMA is involved in the organization of motor sequences based on plans, the PM is involved in the preparation of a specifi c action, the prefrontal cortex is involved in the initiation and in the temporal organization of action, and the cerebellum is involved in the temporal control of action sequences. All these regions show anticipatory activity in relation to a forthcoming action. Motor cognition relies on a multicomponent system, with many distinct processes occurring simultaneously in diff erent brain regions that support diff erent neural networks. Th e lack of movement represented in offi ce work and youngsters fettered to video games reduces the ability to formulate eff ective connectivities. Because children are becoming increasingly overweight, unhealthy and unfi t, understanding the neurocognitive benefi ts of an active lifestyle during childhood has important public health and educational implications.
Vaclav Bunc
Charles University, Czech Republic
Title: Effect of physical exercise in girls differing in body mass
Time : 12:15-12:45
Biography:
Vaclav Bunc has earned his PhD from TU Prague (1979). He is the Vice-dean of Faculty of PE at Sport Charles University Prague. His main research topics are: obesity management, application of mathematical methods and models in PE and sport, evaluation of physical fi tness, exercise physiology, functional and physical testing in laboratory and fi eld, body composition, BIA methods, moving regimes for prevention. He has published more than 350 papers in Czech and internationally reputed journals and serving as an Editorial Board Member of repute.
Abstract:
Obesity is a growing problem in Czech Republic today, as it is in many countries. Alongside a range of health problems associated with increased body mass (BM) is an important limiting factor for realization of regular physical exercise and qualitative life style. Th e study goal was to assess the eff ect of movement intervention in girls diff ering in BM. Study was carried out on 62 girls with normal BM (mean age = 12.6±2.2 years; BM = 47.8±3.0 kg; height = 157.9±4.1 cm), 48 overweight girls (12.6±2.3; 61.9±3.1; 158.4±4.5) and 42 obese girls (12.8±2.7; 72.6±3.6; 157.4±4.0). Body composition was assessed by bioimpedance method using prediction equations that are valid for the Czech child population, functional variables were determined on a treadmill. Th e energy content of weekly movement program for girls with normal BM ranged from 1390 kcal to 2720 kcal (mean 1990±330 kcal) in children with overweight from 1630 kcal to 2380 kcal (1940±240 kcal) and in obese children from 1910 kcal to 2580 kcal (2280±310 kcal). Relative changes in %BF ranged from 15.6% in obese to 16.4% in normal BM and in VO2 peak from 13.9% in normal BM to 15.7% in obese. In girls diff ering in BM have absolute changes in followed parameters like a result of imposed intervention substantively and statistically signifi cant. On the contrary, diff erences in relative terms are non-signifi cant. We can conclude that an exercise program with a similar energy content, form and intensity causes the similar changes in BC and in motor and functional performance in girls, differing in BM.